A thermocouple is formed by connecting what type of materials?

A thermocouple is formed by connecting two dissimilar wires, which is essential for its operation. When these two different metals are joined at one end, they create a junction that generates a voltage when heated or cooled. This phenomenon is known as the Seebeck effect. The difference in temperature between the junction and the other ends of the wires causes a measurable voltage that corresponds to that temperature difference.

Using identical wires would not yield this effect, as there would be no potential difference created; both wires would respond equally to temperature changes and cancel each other out. Similarly, connecting one wire with a battery or using resistors would not create the necessary thermoelectric effect that allows thermocouples to function as temperature sensors. The uniqueness and physical properties of the dissimilar metals used in a thermocouple are critical for accurate temperature measurement and interpretation.